ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of decreased air pollutants concentrations on the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods A prospective cohort was designed in Tianjin where the air quality gradually improved from 2014 to 2018. A total of 5 077 community residents (18-90 years old) were recruited as the baseline population from 2013 to 2014. From 2014 to 2018 follow-up was carried out year by year to observe the new incidence of T2DM in the cohort. The HR and 95%CI (95% confidence interval) were calculated with the multiple Cox proportional hazard regression model to evaluate the effect of the decrease in the concentrations of SO2, NO2, and particulate matters with diameters 10, PM2.5) on the incidence of T2DM. Results The cohort was followed up year by year from 2014 to 2018, with a cumulative follow-up of 25 385 person-years over the 5 years. At the same time, the air quality of Tianjin was significantly improved. Statistical analysis results after covariate adjustment revealed that the risk of T2DM in the population decreased by 0.172, 0.124, and 0.210 times, for a decrease of 10 μg/m3 in the annual average concentrations of SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 each, respectively (SO2：HR=0.828，95%CI=0.757-0.907；PM10：HR=0.876，95%CI=0.816-0.941；PM2.5：HR=0.790，95%CI=0.694-0.899). Conclusion The implementation of environmental protection measures to improve air pollution could reduce the risk of T2DM in the population and control the increasing prevalence.
ABSTRACT
The situation of air pollution has become increasingly serious and its relationship with diabetes becomes a new research concern,in China.After going through a large number of epidemiological studies published in recent years,this paper reviews the relationship between major air pollutants and both blood glucose and blood lipid,related to type 2 diabetes.It also summarizes the relationships among the main pollutants of the atmosphere so as to propose the research directions in this field.Hopefully,this paper can provide reference for forming policies on air pollution,prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in the country.
ABSTRACT
The situation of air pollution has become increasingly serious and its relationship with diabetes becomes a new research concern,in China.After going through a large number of epidemiological studies published in recent years,this paper reviews the relationship between major air pollutants and both blood glucose and blood lipid,related to type 2 diabetes.It also summarizes the relationships among the main pollutants of the atmosphere so as to propose the research directions in this field.Hopefully,this paper can provide reference for forming policies on air pollution,prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in the country.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the sleep structure characteristics and risk factors in patients with Parkinson disease psychosis (PDP).Methods Fifty-one patients with Parkinson disease were enrolled.Sixteen cases met the diagnostic criteria of Parkinson disease psychosis were included in the PDP group,while the remaining 35 cases were included in the PD group as the control group.Sleep status was monitored by polysomnography.Neuropsychological assessment of patients with Parkinson disease was performed by Parkinson quality of life questionnaire,Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)and Hoehn-Yahr state (H-Y) of Parkinson disease.Results There were statistically significant differences in age of onset in PD group and PDP group (64.11±8.87,57.44±10.07,t=1.242),course of disease (2 (1,4),6 (4,7),Z=-3.888),HY stage (2 (1.5,2.5),3 (2,3),Z=-2.487)(all P＜0.05).The total sleep time in the PDP group was lower than that in the PD group ((344.06±26.39)min,(361.74± 17.16)min,P＜0.05).Compared with the PD group,the proportion of slow wave sleep phase Ⅰ in the PDP group was bigger ((42.88 ± 7.99) ％,(37.14±5.21) ％,t=-3.065),and the proportion of slow wave sleep phase Ⅱ in the PDP group was smaller ((31.19±5.92) ％,(37.51±5.70) ％,t=3.634) (P＜0.05).Single factor binary logistic regression analysis showed that the course of disease,age of onset,RBD,HY stage,PDQ-39 questionnaire score,total sleep time,slow wave sleep stage Ⅰ (％) and slow wave sleep stage Ⅱ (％) were the risk factors of PDP (P＜0.05).Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that the course of disease and RBD were independent risk factors for patients with PDP (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sleep structure changes in patients with PDP,and RBD is the independent risk factor for patients with Parkinson's psychotic disorders.
ABSTRACT
With the development of imaging, molecular biology, and pathology, the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has been deeply understood, but the exact pathogenesis is still unclear. This article reviews the pathogenesis of CSVD, including oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, amyloid beta amyloid deposition, vascular endothelial dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier damage.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of selective beta-1 adrenoreceptor blocker on exercise tolerance in patients with hyperten-sion. Methods From May, 2015 to May, 2016, 72 patients with hypertension were divided into two groups, according to whether taking the selective beta-1 receptor blocker. Group A (n=35) took the selective beta-1 receptor blocker two weeks before cardiopulmonary exercise, while group B (n=37) did not take anything at the same time. The exercise tolerance was compared between two groups. Results The maxi-mal systolic blood pressure, peak heart rate, one-minute heart rate after exercise (HR1) and rate-pressure product were lower in group A than in group B (t>2.012, P0.05). Conclusion The selective beta-1 adrenore-ceptor blocker could reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, and improve vagus nerve activity, but did not reduce exercise tolerance in pa-tients with hypertension.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the influence of the preparation and quality control of Xiaochuan cataplasm on its drug action. Methods Xiaochuan cataplasm was prepared with hydrosoluble polymers matrix. A sequence of tests such as adhesive force test, recontour test, paste-content test, cold-resistance test, heat-resistance test, toxicity and pharmacodynamic action tests were performed on this drug. Results Xiaochuan cataplasm contains a sound volume of medicine, and shows good adhesive property, no sensibilization and stimulation, and notable drug action. Conclusion The results demonstrate that the preparation craft of Xiao-chuan cataplasm is reasonable and practicable., the quality is controllable and the method is a safe and effective transdermal drug delivery system.
ABSTRACT
5.0mg/L were randomly divided into LMWH treatment group and low molecular dextran treatment group with 20 patients in each group.The patients in LMWH group were treated with 0.3ml LMWH subcutaneous injection in abdominal wall in every 12h for 1-4 d.The patients in low molecular dextran group were treated with 500ml low molecular dextran plus 20ml danshen root,intervenous drop infusion for 1-7d.Results The D-Dimer blood serum level in the gestational late period was significantly higher than that of nongravida group(P
ABSTRACT
Objective Artificial mineral water pills were made by loading many kinds of trace elements into the ceramic carrier.Pure water could be mineralized after dipping the pills into the water.To assess the possible hazardous effects on the human health induced by the pills,a series of hygienic and toxicological experiments on the pills were carried out.Methods Acute oral toxicity test,micronucleus test of mice bone marrow cells,sperm abnormality test in mice and Ames test were con-ducted.Contents of trace elements,heavy metals and radioactivity in the mineralized water were determined according to the examination methods in Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water and Examination Methods for Drinking Natural Min-eral Water.Results The contents of trace elements,heavy metals and radioactivity in mineralized water met the requirements of GB5749-1985Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water and GB8537-1995Sanitary Standard for Drinking Natural Mineral Wa-ter.Mineral pills were classified as actually non-toxic and the results of micronucleus test of mice bone marrow cells,sperm ab-normality test in mice and Ames test were negative.Conclusion Mineralized drinking water treated by artificial mineral pills were safe.